16.3.06

Truthdig - Reports - Bush's Fantasy of 'Progress' in Iraq

Truthdig - Reports - Bush's Fantasy of 'Progress' in Iraq

Bush's Fantasy of 'Progress' in Iraq

By Robert Scheer

What is he thinking?

On a day when Shiite vigilantes conducted hangings in Sadr City in reprisal for the killing of scores of their co-religionists in a market bombing, President Bush continued to insist that progress in Iraq justified staying the course.

Iraqi woman wailing

Khalid Mohammed / AP

An Iraqi woman wails after a raid by U.S. soldiers in Baghdad
on Tuesday, March 14. U.S. soldiers late Monday night raided
a house in west Baghdad, broke doors and windows and
arrested one person, police said. In a 24-hour period, police
found the bodies of at least 85 men killed execution-style
in a gruesome wave of apparent sectarian violence, the Interior
Ministry said Tuesday. The dead included at least 27 bodies
stacked in a mass grave in an eastern Shiite neighborhood.

“By their response over the past two weeks, Iraqis have shown the world that they want a future of freedom and peace,” he said Monday. “We’re helping Iraqis build a strong democracy so that old resentments will be eased and the insurgency marginalized.”

Contrast that fantasy with the same day’s harsh news: “In Sadr City, the Shiite section in Baghdad where the terrorist suspects were executed, government forces vanished,” reported the New York Times. “The streets are ruled by aggressive teenagers with shiny soccer jerseys and machine guns. They set up roadblocks and poke their heads into cars and detain whomever they want. Mosques blare warnings on loudspeakers for American troops to stay out. Increasingly, the Americans have been doing just that.”

The next day, 87 corpses, all male, were found scattered throughout the city, shot or strangled after being bound and blindfolded. This, in turn, was in apparent reprisal for a series of bombings on Sunday targeting Shiite civilians that killed 58 and wounded 300, according to Iraq’s Health Ministry.

Of course, the drip-drip of American troop deaths continues, as Lance Cpl. Bunny Long, 22, of Modesto, Calif., will be coming home in a flag-draped casket after being killed Friday by a suicide bomber with a vehicle-borne IED.

If such constant mayhem is taken as a sign of progress, three years after the U.S. invasion, then Bush surely will be thrilled by what the future holds. The British, on the other hand, have seen the handwriting on the wall and once again have begun to flee an imperial disappointment in Mesopotamia, announcing they are reducing their forces by 10%. Clearly, London has grasped what Bush cannot: The three-year occupation by Western armies is an incitement to guerrilla violence, not an impediment.

Of course, Bush would have us believe this expanding civil war is the work of insidious foreigners rather than of competing agendas arising from within an Iraq society long stunted by colonialism and dictatorship. It does not occur to him that he is the foreigner whom the majority of Iraqis hold responsible for the country’s despair, and whose occupation immeasurably strengthens the hand of extremists on all sides. Bush’s neoconservative Svengalis apparently failed to alert him to the possibility that religious, ethnic and nationalist sentiments might trump his plans for a Western-imposed “democracy,” subservient to U.S. interests. Or that U.S.-engineered elections would be won by allies and disciples of the radical Shiite government in the “evil axis” capital of Tehran.

Such bright contradictions were on display in Bush’s latest strategically bankrupt “plan” for victory: spending $3.3 billion to fight the improvised explosive devices (IEDs) that Bush now claims Iran is smuggling into Iraq — to the very Shiite forces that won the U.S.-engineered election and are positioned to form the first real post-Hussein government. The IEDs, mentioned a whopping 26 times in the president’s speech, have obviously come to replace that nonexistent WMD threat as the centerpiece of Bush’s Iraq policy. We will stop them, he says, by bumping anti-IED-related spending by a factor of 22, from $150 million in 2004 to $3.3 billion. “We’re putting the best minds in America to work on this effort,” Bush said.

Why not put a few of them to work on figuring how to extract the U.S. military from Iraq instead? After all, that is where all the IEDs happen to be exploding.

But, of course, this alternative, to stop making U.S. troops targets in the midst of a raging civil war in a Muslim country that the United States has no business occupying, was summarily dismissed by our president.

“[M]y decisions on troop levels will be made based upon the conditions on the ground and on the recommendations of our military commanders, not artificial timetables set by politicians here in Washington, D.C.,” he said.

Has the president never read our Constitution, which mandates civilian control over the military? Does he not grasp that he is himself a Washington politician? How can you effectively sell democracy to the world when you mock it so contemptuously at home?

You can’t. Not until the public and its representatives force this administration to change its disastrous course can we begin to restore international respect for the American political system that Bush has so masterfully subverted.

Summary of Findings: Bush Approval Falls to 33%, Congress Earns Rare Praise

Summary of Findings: Bush Approval Falls to 33%, Congress Earns Rare Praise
Dubai Ports Fallout

Released: March 15, 2006

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Summary of Findings

In the aftermath of the Dubai ports deal, President Bush's approval rating has hit a new low and his image for honesty and effectiveness has been damaged. Yet the public uncharacteristically has good things to say about the role that Congress played in this high-profile Washington controversy.

Most Americans (58%) believe Congress acted appropriately in strenuously opposing the deal, while just 24% say lawmakers made too much of the situation. While there is broad support for the way Congress handled the dispute, more Americans think Democratic leaders showed good judgment on the ports issue than say the same about GOP leaders (by 30%-20%).

The new Pew survey underscores the public's alarm over the prospect that an Arab-owned company could have operated U.S. ports. Fully 41% say they paid very close attention to news about the debate, which is unusually high interest for a Washington story and is only slightly lower than the number tracking Iraq war news very closely (43%). There was broad opposition to the proposed deal from across the political spectrum, including two-to-one disapproval among conservative Republicans (56%-27%).

Bush's overall approval measure stands at 33%, the lowest rating of his presidency. Bush's job performance mark is now about the same as the ratings for Democratic and Republican congressional leaders (34% and 32%, respectively), which showed no improvement in spite of public approval of the congressional response to the ports deal.

The president's ratings for handling of several specific issues, particularly terrorism, have also declined sharply. Just 42% now approve of Bush's job in handling terrorist threats, an 11-point drop since February. In January 2005, as Bush was starting his second term, 62% approved of his handling of terrorist threats.

Bush's personal image also has weakened noticeably, which is reflected in people's one-word descriptions of the president. Honesty had been the single trait most closely associated with Bush, but in the current survey "incompetent" is the descriptor used most frequently (See pp. 7-8).

The latest national survey by the Pew Research Center for the People & the Press, conducted among 1,405 adults from March 8-12, finds no evidence of a public backlash against foreign commercial and economic ties in the wake of the ports deal. A narrow majority (53%) has a negative view of foreign investors owning U.S. companies. But that is significantly less than the 70% expressing the same opinion in 1989, when high-profile acquisitions of U.S. firms by Japanese companies provoked widespread concern.

Moreover, by 53%-36% more Americans view foreign companies investing in the United States as a good thing; there are no significant partisan differences on this issue. Two-thirds of Americans (66%) believe free trade is good for the United States, which is largely unchanged since 2000. However, the public continues to have an overwhelmingly negative view of "outsourcing" jobs by American businesses. About seven-in-ten (71%) say the practice is bad because it sends good jobs overseas, while 20% think it is good for the U.S. because it keeps costs down.

The survey finds that the falloff in the president's support since the start of his second term includes a significant decline in support among Republicans. Overall, half of Americans approved of Bush's overall job performance in January 2005, while 43% disapproved. Today, just 33% approve compared with 57% who disapprove.

In January 2005, Bush earned a lofty 89% approval from members of his own party, but that has declined to 73% in the current survey. Among independents, the number approving of Bush's job performance has fallen from 47% in January 2005 to 26% today; and Bush's support among Democrats, already quite low, has fallen by about half since the start of his second term (from 17% to 9%).

Core Supporters Less Satisfied with Bush



A more detailed portrait of the falloff in Bush approval shows significant declines among groups who had been the president's strongest supporters. In January 2005, conservative Republicans approved of the president by a margin of 94% to 3%. While still overwhelmingly supportive, today just 78% of conservative Republicans approve while 16% disapprove. Support from moderate and liberal Republicans has dropped by about the same amount, from 82% to 65% today.

Many people who voted for Bush in the 2004 election are more critical of his performance. Currently, 68% of Bush voters approve of his performance, while 22% disapprove. Shortly after the election Bush voters approved of his performance by a margin of 92% to 4%.

White evangelical Christians were solidly behind the president throughout his first term in office, but that support has waned over the past 15 months. Currently, just 54% of white evangelicals approve of the president's job in office, while 36% disapprove. Bush's support has also dropped among people who attend church each week or more frequently. According to post-election exit polls conducted by the National Election Pool, these voters backed Bush over Kerry by a 61%-38% margin. But today more disapprove (46%) than approve (42%) of his performance.

Even among people who say that the war in Iraq was the right decision, support for the president has declined. Today, 30% of people who believe that the use of force in Iraq was the right decision disapprove of the president's overall job performance, up from just 14% in January 2005. Job approval among Iraq war supporters has fallen from 81% to 58% over this time span.

Congress Credited for Ports Stance...



Congress has drawn bipartisan praise from the American public for its response to the possible transfer of U.S. port operations to a United Arab Emirates company. Nearly two-thirds of Democrats (68%), and roughly half each of independents (53%) and Republicans (49%) said Congress acted appropriately, though a third of Republicans felt too much was made of the issue.

Democratic leaders fared somewhat better than Republicans in this debate, based mostly on the support of their own partisans. Overall, three-in-ten say they thought Democratic leaders showed better judgment on this issue, while 20% favored the Republican leaders. Only 38% of Republicans favored the way GOP leaders handled the issue, compared with 54% of Democrats who favored the job their leaders did. Independents were more divided (29% favored how Democratic leaders handled the issue, 20% Republicans), while half saw no difference between the parties' performance.

...But No Boost in Approval



While members of Congress may have averted widespread criticism in this case, there is no evidence that their stand against the Dubai ports deal improved either party's public image. Comparable percentages say they approve of the job Republican leaders (32%) and Democratic leaders (34%) are doing ­ both figures are unchanged from January and have not moved significantly in more than six months.

While DP World, the United Arab Emirates company involved in the deal, agreed on March 9 to transfer all operations at U.S. ports to an American entity, 38% of Americans do not think that this is a satisfactory solution to the issue, and another 16% aren't sure how they feel about it. This dissatisfaction is strongest among the three-quarters of Americans who opposed the deal originally, 44% of whom are not satisfied with the current solution, while 45% are satisfied. Among the minority who approved of the original deal, most see this as a satisfactory solution by a 66%-27% margin.

Will This Hurt America's Standing?



Despite public support for scuttling the ports deal, most Americans are either very (24%) or somewhat (34%) concerned that America may have angered important allies in the Middle East by opposing this deal. This concern crosses party lines, with Democrats, Republicans and independents expressing comparable levels of concern.

This consideration was clearly a factor for the minority of Americans who supported allowing the original deal to go through. Though only 14% took this position, they are twice as likely as the majority who opposed the deal to be very concerned about how this will affect U.S. interests in the Middle East, and 77% are at least somewhat concerned in this regard.

Foreign Ownership vs. Foreign Investment



While Americans tend to think that it is bad for America when investors from other countries own companies here, they tend to take a favorable view of foreign investments in the United States. Overall, more see foreign ownership as bad for the country by a 53% to 33% margin, while more see foreign investments in the U.S. as good for the country by a comparable 53% to 36% margin.

Younger Americans and those in higher-income households tend to be more supportive of both foreign ownership and investment, but age and income gaps are the greatest with respect to views of investment. People under age 30 see investment in the U.S. as good by a 71% to 26% margin, but half believe foreign ownership has a negative impact. By comparison, majorities of those ages 65 and older tend to see both foreign ownership (57%) and foreign investment (53%) as bad for the U.S.

Americans in households earning $75,000 or more annually are the most supportive of foreign ownership and investment ­ 72% say the latter is good for the country. But Americans in low-earning households tend to say both are bad for the country.

By comparison, there is almost no partisan divide on issues of foreign ownership and investment. A slim majority of both Republicans and Democrats see ownership as bad for the country, while a slim majority of both say that investment is good.

Democratic Advantage on Foreign Investment



While Republicans and Democrats around the country hold similar views on the costs and benefits of foreign ownership and investment, the public rates the Democratic Party as stronger on the issue, particularly among those who see these as bad for the country. Among the 53% of Americans who say it is bad for the U.S. when investors from other countries own companies here, more favor the Democrats to handle this issue than Republicans by two-to-one (43% to 22%). The Democrats are also viewed as better able to address foreign investment in the United States.

Bush: Personal Impressions



The public's personal impressions of Bush's trustworthiness, effectiveness and leadership have all declined sharply since last fall. In this regard, a significantly higher percentage of Americans believe that Bush is "out of touch" with what is going on with the government than said that about former President Reagan during his second term, in August 1987.

Fully 56% say that about Bush now, compared with 47% who expressed that view of Reagan nearly 20 years ago. At that time, Reagan's image had been tarnished by the Iran-contra affair, though his approval rating was much higher than Bush's is currently (50% in September 1987 vs. 33% today).

In a Word...Incompetent



President Bush's declining image also is reflected in the single-word descriptions people use to describe their impression of the president. Three years ago, positive one-word descriptions of Bush far outnumbered negative ones. Over the past two years, the positive-negative balance has been roughly equal. But the one-word characterizations have turned decidedly negative since last July.

Currently, 48% use a negative word to describe Bush compared with just 28% who use a positive term, and 10% who use neutral language.

The changing impressions of the president can best be viewed by tracking over time how often words come up in these top-of-the-mind associations. Until now, the most frequently offered word to describe the president was "honest," but this comes up far less often today than in the past. Other positive traits such as "integrity" are also cited less, and virtually no respondent used superlatives such as "excellent" or "great" ­ terms that came up fairly often in previous surveys.

The single word most frequently associated with George W. Bush today is "incompetent,"and close behind are two other increasingly mentioned descriptors: "idiot" and "liar." All three are mentioned far more often today than a year ago.

Fewer See Bush as Conservative



Public perceptions of the president's ideological leanings have shifted throughout his presidency. Currently, a 48% plurality view Bush as conservative, down from 55% last October. This marks the first time since shortly after Bush took office in 2001 that fewer than half have described him as conservative.

Just 45% of self-described conservatives now view Bush as a conservative, down from 59% in October. The change in views of Bush's ideology has been less pronounced among moderates and liberals. Liberals continue to overwhelmingly describe Bush as a conservative ­ 65% express that view now, about the same as in October (68%).

Similarly, fewer Americans now say that Bush listens to conservative members of his party, rather than moderates, when it comes to national policy. Currently, a narrow majority (51%) says Bush listens mostly to conservative Republicans, down from 57% last October. Just 39% of self-described conservatives now say that Bush listens more to conservative members of the GOP; in October, 51% of conservatives said Bush mostly listened to conservative members of the Republican Party.

Ports Debate Draws Broad Attention



News about the situation in Iraq continues to top the public's news interest. Since the war began nearly three years ago, only a handful of major stories ­ such as Hurricanes Katrina and Rita last year ­ have drawn greater public interest than the war.

But this month, nearly as many Americans said they tracked news of the Dubai ports deal very closely as followed war news very closely (41% vs. 43%). This issue also ranks fairly high in news interest among leading political stories over the past two decades. And roughly four times as many Americans paid very close attention to the debate over the ports transfer than closely tracked the proposed sale of the oil company Unocal to a Chinese company last July (11% very closely).

Reports on rebuilding efforts in areas affected by Hurricane Katrina also continue to attract considerable attention; 36% followed this news very closely, about the same as in December (39%). Roughly three-in-ten (31%) say they very closely followed news that Vice President Cheney accidentally shot and wounded a fellow hunter. The incident occurred Feb. 11, approximately a month before the field period for this survey.

Other news stories have drawn far less public interest: 24% very closely followed news on Iran's nuclear program; 21% each paid very close attention to news on bird flu outbreaks and the South Dakota law banning most abortions; and 16% say they tracked news of lobbyists' financial ties with members of Congress very closely.

There is a gender gap in interest toward several of the month's news stories. More men than women followed the ports debate and Iraq war news very closely; more women than men closely tracked news on the South Dakota abortion law, and paid somewhat more attention to hurricane rebuilding and bird flu.
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The Pew Research Center for the People and the Press
1615 L Street, NW Suite 700 Washington, DC 20036
p 202.419.4350 f 202.419.4399 e info@people-press.org

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15.3.06

Iraq: Permanent US Colony

Iraq: Permanent US Colony

By Dahr Jamail http://dahrjamailiraq.com
t r u t h o u t | Perspective

Tuesday 14 March 2006

Why does the Bush Administration refuse to discuss withdrawing
occupation forces from Iraq? Why is Halliburton, who landed the no-bid
contracts to construct and maintain US military bases in Iraq, posting
higher profits than ever before in its 86-year history?

Why do these bases in Iraq resemble self-contained cities as much as
military outposts?

Why are we hearing such ludicrous and outrageous statements from the
highest ranking military general in the United States, Chairman of the
Joint Chiefs of Staff General Peter Pace, who when asked how things were
going in Iraq on March 9th <http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/11654734/> in an
interview on "Meet the Press" said, "I'd say they're going well. I
wouldn't put a great big smiley face on it, but I would say they're
going very, very well from everything you look at."

I wonder if there is a training school, or at least talking point memos
for these Chairmen of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, because Pace's
predecessor, Gen. Richard Myers, told Senator John McCain last September
that "In a sense, things are going well [in Iraq]."

General Pace also praised the Iraqi military, saying, "Now there are
over 100 [Iraqi] battalions in the field."

Wow! General Pace must have waved his magic wand and materialized all
these 99 new Iraqi battalions that are diligently keeping things safe
and secure in occupied Iraq. Because according to the top US general in
Iraq, General George Casey, not long ago there was only one Iraqi
battalion (about 500-600 soldiers) capable of fighting on its own in Iraq.

During a late-September 2005 Senate Armed Services Committee hearing
<http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/iraq/2005-09-29-iraq-withdrawl_x.htm>,
Casey acknowledged that the Pentagon estimate of three Iraqi battalions
last June had shrunk to one in September. That is less than six months ago.

I thought it would be a good idea to find someone who is qualified to
discuss how feasible it would be to train 99 Iraqi battalions in less
than six months, as Pace now claims has occurred.

I decided that someone who was in the US Army for 26 years and who
worked in eight conflict areas, starting in Vietnam and ending with
Haiti, would be qualified. If he had served in two parachute infantry
units, three Ranger units, two Special Forces Groups and in Delta Force
that would be helpful as well. And just to make sure, if he taught
tactics at the Jungle Operations Training Center in Panama and Military
Science at the United States Military Academy at West Point, thus
knowing a thing or two about training soldiers, that would be a bonus.

That person is Stan Goff.

"This is utter bullshit," was Goff's remark about the Pace claim of
having 100 Iraqi battalions when I asked him to comment, "He must be
counting the resistance among his forces."

Goff adds, "That dip-shit [Pace] is saying he has 60,000 trained and
disciplined people under arms ... 65,000 with all the staffs ... and
almost 100,000 with the support units they would require. To train and
oversee them would require thousands of American advisors. It must suck for a career Marine to be used so blatantly as a PR flak."

Goff mentioned that Pace "and everyone else" knows that the Iraqi
forces, "however many there are," are heavily cross-infiltrated.

"He [Pace] is saying that the Bush administration is going to empower a
pro-Iranian government with 100 ready battalions, when this
administration was handed this particular government as the booby prize
in exchange for Sistani pulling their cookies out of the fire during the
joint rebellions in Najaf and Fallujah," added Goff.

Further discrediting the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Goff
said, "To train 99 [battalions] since last September is a claim only the
average American might swallow. The right question to ask is, where are
they? Where are they headquartered, and where are they in operation?
Claiming operations security doesn't count, unless they believe they can
hide 100 units of 600 people each in Iraq ... from other Iraqis ... who
are often related to them."

He concludes, "These guys have become accustomed to saying any damn
thing, then counting on ignorance and apathy at home - along with
hundreds of Democrats who need spine transplants - to get away with it.
You can quote me on any of that."

There's a good reason why Pace and others are busy spewing smoke - it's
to hide the fact that there are no plans to leave Iraq.

While we're addressing propaganda, we mustn't leave out our brilliant
military strategist and warrior for protecting human rights, the
illustrious Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice.

On March 8th, Rice delivered the opening remarks on the release of her
Department's "2005 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices
<http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61550.htm>."

The introduction to the report says: "In Iraq, 2005 was a year of major
progress for democracy, democratic rights and freedom. There was a
steady growth of NGOs and other civil society associations that promote
human rights."

Uh, right...
<http://209.97.202.24/gallery/view_album.php?set_albumName=sbs_dateline_abu_ghraib_torture_photos_images_iraq_documentary_australia_february_16_2006>.

This report is submitted to Congress by the State Department. I've often
wondered if our politicians are just this ignorant, or simply
horrifically misinformed like so many Americans. This report, perhaps,
answers the latter.

My point is, if there is a concerted effort by high-ranking officials of
the Bush administration to portray things in Iraq as going well, then
why are there permanent bases being constructed in Iraq?

This media smokescreen from the likes of Pace, Rice and even
"sharp-shooter" Cheney, who recently said things in Iraq are "improving
steadily," conveniently leads the American people toward believing there
will eventually be a withdrawal of American soldiers.

But the problem with smokescreens is that pesky thing called "reality."

And in Iraq, the reality is that people like Pace, Rice, Cheney and
their ever-eloquent front man aren't telling the American public about
their true plans for Iraq.

One example that provides some insight into their agenda is the US
"Embassy" which is under construction in the infamous "Green Zone."

As you read this, a controversial Kuwait-based construction firm is
building a $592 million US embassy
<http://www.corpwatch.org/article.php?id=13258> in Baghdad. When the
dust settles, this compound will be the largest and most secure
diplomatic compound in the world.

The headquarters, I mean "Embassy," will be a self-sustaining cluster of
21 buildings reinforced 2.5 times the usual standards, with some walls
to be as thick as 15 feet.

Plans are for over 1,000 US "government officials" to staff and reside
there. Lucky for them, they will have access to the gym, swimming pool,
barber and beauty shops, food court and commissary. There will also be a
large-scale barracks for troops, a school, locker rooms, a warehouse, a
vehicle maintenance garage, and six apartment buildings with a total of
619 one-bedroom units. And luckily for the "government officials," their
water, electricity and sewage treatment plants will all be independent
from Baghdad's city utilities. The total site will be two-thirds the
area of the National Mall in Washington, DC."

I wonder if any liberated Iraqis will have access to their swimming pool?

And unlike the Iraqi infrastructure, which is in total shambles and
functioning below pre-invasion levels in nearly every area, the US
"Embassy" is being constructed right on time. The US Senate Foreign
Affairs Committee recently called this an "impressive" feat, considering
the construction is taking place in one of the most violent and volatile
spots on the planet.

Then there are the permanent military bases.

To give you an idea of what these look like in Iraq, let's start with
Camp Anaconda, near Balad. Occupying 15 square miles of Iraq, the base
boasts two swimming pools (not the plastic inflatable type), a gym,
mini-golf course and first-run movie theater.

The 20,000 soldiers who live at the Balad Air Base
<http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/02/03/AR2006020302994.html>,
less than 1,000 of whom ever leave the base, can inspect new iPod
accessories in one of the two base exchanges, which have piles of the
latest electronics and racks of CDs to choose from. One of the PX
managers recently boasted that every day he was selling 15 televisions
to soldiers.

At Camp Anaconda, located in al-Anbar province where resistance is
fierce, the occupation forces live in air-conditioned units where plans
are being drawn up to run internet, cable television and overseas
telephone access to them.

The thousands of civilian contractors live at the base in a section
called "KBR-land," and there is a hospital where doctors carry out 400
surgeries every month on wounded troops.

Air Force officials on the base claim the runway there is one of the
busiest in the world, where unmanned Predator drones take off carrying
their Hellfire missiles, along with F-16's, C-130's, helicopters, and
countless others, as the bases houses over 250 aircraft.

If troops aren't up for the rather lavish dinners served by "Third
Country Nationals" from India, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh who work
for slave wages, they can visit the Burger King, Pizza Hut, Popeye's or
Subway, then wash it down with a mocha from the Starbucks.

There are several other gigantic bases in Iraq besides camp Anaconda,
such as Camp Victory near Baghdad Airport, which - according to a
reporter for Mother Jones magazine - when complete will be twice the
size of Camp Bondsteel in Kosovo. The Kosovo base is currently one of
the largest overseas bases built since the war in Vietnam.

Camp Liberty is adjacent to Camp Victory - where soldiers even compete
in their own triathlons. "The course, longer than 140 total miles,
spanned several bases in the greater Camp Victory area in west Baghdad,"
says a news article on a DOD web site
<http://www.defendamerica.mil/articles/nov2005/a110705dg2.html>.

Mr. Bush refuses to set a timetable for withdrawal
<http://www.cnn.com/2005/POLITICS/11/30/us.iraq/> from Iraq because he
doesn't intend to withdraw. He doesn't intend to because he's following
a larger plan for the US in the Middle East.

Less than two weeks after the fall of Baghdad on April 9, 2003, US
military officials <http://www.truthout.org/docs_03/042103B.shtml>
announced the intention to maintain at least four large bases in Iraq
that could be used in the future.

These are located near Baghdad International Airport (where the
triathlon was), Tallil (near Nasiriyah, in the south), one in the
Kurdish north at either Irbil or Qayyarah (they are only 50 kilometers
apart) and one in western al-Anbar province at Al-Asad. Of course, let's
not forget the aforementioned Camp Anaconda in Balad.

More recently, on May 22 of last year, US military commanders
<http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/05/21/AR2005052100611_pf.html>
announced that they would consolidate troops into four large air bases.
It was announced at this time that while buildings were being made of
concrete instead of the usual metal trailers and tin-sheathed buildings,
military officers working on the plan "said the consolidation plan was
not meant to establish a permanent US military presence in Iraq."

Right.

The US has at least four of these massive bases in Iraq. Billions of
dollars have been spent in their construction, and they are in about the
same locations where they were mentioned they would be by military
planners back before Mr. Bush declared that major combat operations were
over <http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/05/01/iraq/main551946.shtml>
in Iraq.

It appears as though "mission accomplished
<http://www.cnn.com/2003/ALLPOLITICS/05/01/bush.carrier.landing/>" in
Iraq was not necessarily referring to guarding the Ministry of Oil and
occupying the country indefinitely (or finding WMDs, disrupting
al-Qaeda, or liberating Iraqis, blah-blah-blah), but to having a
military beach-head in the heart of the Middle East.

Note that while US officials don't dare say the word "permanent" when
referring to military bases in Iraq, they will say "permanent access."
An article entitled "Pentagon Expects Long-Term Access to Four Key Bases
in Iraq," which was a front-page story in the New York Times on April
19, 2003, reads: "There will probably never be an announcement of
permanent stationing of troops. Not permanent basing, but permanent
access is all that is required, officials say."

Why all of this? Why these obviously permanent bases? Why the beach-head?

A quick glance at US government military strategy documents is even more
revealing.

"Our forces will be strong enough to dissuade potential adversaries from
pursuing a military build-up in hopes of surpassing, or equaling, the
power of the United States," reads the 2002 National Security Strategy
<http://www.whitehouse.gov/nsc/nssall.html>.

To accomplish this, the US will "require bases and stations within and
beyond Western Europe and Northeast Asia."

Another interesting document is "Joint Vision 2020" from the Chairman of
the Joint Chiefs of Staff, whose "vision" is "Dedicated individuals and
innovative organizations transforming the joint force of the 21st
Century to achieve full spectrum dominance [bold type theirs]:
persuasive in peace, decisive in war, preeminent in any form of conflict
[italics theirs]."

US policymakers have replaced the Cold War with the Long War for Global
Empire and Unchallenged Military Hegemony. This is the lens through
which we must view Iraq to better understand why there are permanent US
bases there.

In the Quadrennial Defense Review Report released on February 6, 2006,
there is a stated ambition to fight "multiple, overlapping wars" and to
"ensure that all major and emerging powers are integrated as
constructive actors and stakeholders into the international system." The
report goes on to say that the US will "also seek to ensure that no
foreign power can dictate terms of regional or global security. It will
attempt to dissuade any military competitor from developing disruptive
or other capabilities that could enable regional hegemony or hostile
action against the United States or other friendly countries, and it
will seek to deter aggression or coercion. Should deterrence fail, the
United States would deny a hostile power its strategic and operational
objectives."

In sum, what is the purpose of permanent US military garrisons in Iraq
and the implicit goals of these government documents?

Empire.

It's Regime Change, Again

It's Regime Change, Again

Make no mistake. The current posture and policy of the United States are leading inexorably towards a military showdown with Iran that could have profoundly negative consequences for Iran, for the region and for the United States. (Understatement of the century)

For all the studied vagueness and ambiguity of senior United States and European officials, for all the talk of a long diplomatic process, of economic sanctions and political isolation, at the end of this road lies the opening of another front in America's "Long War."

The Egyptian IAEA chief, Mohammed ElBaradei, implicitly acknowledged the high risks at stake when he appealed to both Western and Iranian leaders on March 7 to "lower the rhetoric" and adopt a "cool-headed approach." But, as the Iranian dossier now moves to the U.N. Security Council, there is little sign of such an approach either in Tehran or in Washington.

"The Iranian regime needs to know," Dick Cheney told the annual policy conference of the American Israeli Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) in Washington on March 7, "that if it stays on its present course, the international community is prepared to impose meaningful consequences. For our part, the United States is keeping all options on the table in addressing the irresponsible conduct of the regime. And we join other nations in sending that regime a clear message: We will not allow Iran to have a nuclear weapon." He needs to stfu

Pressed by reporters on whether Cheney's "meaningful consequences" meant military action, hapless White House press spokesman Scott McClellan insisted that the vice president was merely "stating our policy".

But Cheney's message, delivered with symbolic, if not verbal, precision against the backdrop of a massive graphic of the Israeli national flag merging into the Stars and Stripes, was clear enough: the United States will use military force if diplomacy and economic pressure do not persuade the Iranian government to back down.

Two days later, on March 9, Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice further raised the temperature, reiterating her claim that Iran is the Middle East's "central banker for terrorism." SHE needs to stfu

"We may face no greater challenge from a single country than from Iran," she said, "whose policies are directed at developing a Middle East that would be 180 degrees different than the Middle East that we would like to see develop."

The problem with the United States' confrontational approach to Iran is that it is based on a misreading of the internal situation in Iran and on an over-confident assessment of the strategic position of the United States in the region in the aftermath of the U.S. military (Trigger happy red-necks) invasion and occupation of Iraq.

Diplomatic pressure, far from bringing about a change of heart in Tehran, is already strengthening the domestic political position of the hardliners around President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and reinforcing their determination to press ahead with their nuclear enrichment plans in defiance of the United States, Europe and Israel. Furthermore, President Bush's nuclear deal with India has significantly undermined the diplomatic argument against Iran by blowing a hole in the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.

Because of the size of Iran's shadow economy and its relative economic self-sufficiency, any economic sanctions against Iran will be ineffective and could further bolster the hardliners' internal political standing. Furthermore, as Iranian officials have pointed out, Iran's status as a major oil producer means that it is in a position to retaliate to economic sanctions in kind, pushing up the price of oil.

The scarcely veiled threat of U.S. military action is no more likely to deter Iran's hardliners. Ahmadinejad calculates, correctly, that a full-scale invasion of Iran is out of the question and that United States or Israeli air strikes would simply help to strengthen Iran's political position in the region and provide a pretext for further consolidation at home (e.g. a crackdown on political opponents). Furthermore, Iran could respond to military action by piling the pressure on the United States in Afghanistan and Iraq, and on Israel from Lebanon and Palestine.

The absence of a cool-headed approach to the crisis on the part of Ahmadinejad and his supporters seems to be based on a very cool calculation of their own factional political interests within Iran's political maze and of Washington's strategic difficulties in the region.

All this points in one direction: at some point in the not too distant future, once the diplomatic process at the U.N. is exhausted and economic sanctions have failed to get the Iranians to change their tune, there won't be any options left on Washington's table except military ones. And Iran's leaders are probably right in their assessment that those options are not good ones.

U.S. firepower could do a lot of physical damage and might even put back Iran's nuclear programme by a few years. But it would also do a lot of political damage: to the prospects of political reform in Iran; to the stability of Iraq, Afghanistan and the wider region; and to U.S. political and strategic standing in the world.

The United States is making the same mistakes with regard to Iran as those which it made with regard to Iraq. The consequences are likely to be just as fraught, and perhaps even more damaging.

Although several leading members of the neo-conservative movement, which provided the theoretical and intellectual underpinning for the invasion of Iraq, have now recanted and admitted they were wrong about Iraq, the prospect of U.S. military action against Iran is not getting the critical attention it deserves.

Washington has missed several good opportunities in recent years to engage with Iran and to influence internal Iranian politics in a positive and peaceful manner. It is unlikely that any more will present themselves now or that this U.S. administration will seek to engage in bold, transformational diplomacy with the Iranian government. That would count as appeasement in Washington's current political vocabulary.

So there is no serious debate about the credible alternatives to military action in Iran. The United States is drifting unnecessarily towards military confrontation with the largest and richest state in the Middle East, with grave implications for the future of Western relations with the Muslim world. And everyone is busily pretending that it is not happening.

Tom Porteous is a freelance writer and analyst who was formerly with BBC Africa and served as Conflict Management Advisor for Africa with the British Foreign Office.

Al Gore Fires Up Crowd at West Palm Beach Fund-Raiser

Al Gore Fires Up Crowd at West Palm Beach Fund-Raiser

I will vote again for the man who won the presidency in 2000, and its NOT DUH-BYA.

WEST PALM BEACH - Former Vice President Al Gore returned Sunday to what one supporter called "the scene of a crime," telling a feisty, partisan crowd that the administration of President Bush poses an unprecedented test for U.S. democracy.


“I genuinely believe that American democracy faces a time of trial and challenge right now more serious than any,” former Vice President Al Gore said in West Palm Beach.
(Photo/Josh Ritchie)
"I genuinely believe that American democracy faces a time of trial and challenge right now more serious than any that we have ever faced," Gore told about 400 supporters gathered at the Kravis Center for a fund raiser to boost state Democrats in the November election.

Gore cited a litany of issues, including the Bush administration's assertions of executive power, its fumbled response to Hurricane Katrina and its backing of a secret, domestic surveillance program, warrantless searches and interrogation methods used in Iraq and the war on terror.

"In every war there have been excesses ... that have come out of the extremes of combat and war," Gore said. "But never previously has it been official U.S. policy to depart from that respect that we should not torture."

Backers, still chafing from the infamous 2000 election recount in Florida that ended with Gore losing the presidency despite winning the national popular vote, roared and lauded him with standing ovations.

"Welcome back, Mr. President!" someone yelled from the crowd as Gore took the stage.

Palm Beach County, with its notorious butterfly ballot, had been a focal point of the recount. It was apparent Sunday that some local Democrats harbor bitter feelings.

"This was the scene of a crime," said West Palm Beach Mayor Lois Frankel, whose son, Marine Capt. Benjamin Lubin, has served in Afghanistan.

"We're very proud of him," Frankel said of her son. "But I can tell you, if Al Gore had been president, my son would not have been at war."

Gore cautioned against complacency in upcoming Senate, congressional, gubernatorial and other races, even as the Republican Party has been buffeted by scandal surrounding indicted former House Majority Leader Tom DeLay, lobbyist Jack Abramoff and internal fissures from a scuttled Bush administration proposal to allow a state-owned United Arab Emirates company to run shipping terminals in Miami and five other U.S. seaports.

"I want to give you a couple of reasons to redouble your efforts," Gore said.

"Voter fraud!" an audience member quickly offered up, to the delight of the crowd.

Gore smiled.

"I'll let others talk about that, but I like some of what I heard out here," he said.

Gore was alternately humorous, plodding, folksy and rousing for the crowd, most of whom paid between $50 and $100 to attend.

There was plenty of fight in the candidates who spoke, including gubernatorial hopeful state Sen. Rod Smith of Alachua and congressional candidates Sen. Ron Klein, D-Boca Raton, who is trying to defeat U.S. Rep. Clay Shaw, R-Fort Lauderdale, and Tim Mahoney of Palm Beach Gardens, who is challenging U.S. Rep. Mark Foley, R-Jupiter. "I'm here to make sure Clay Shaw gets his Social Security entitlement, along with Katherine Harris and Tom DeLay," Klein said. "There is a change coming."

Democratic officials did not have an estimate Sunday on how much money the event raised.

Gore has been crossing the state over the past two days raising money for Democratic U.S. Sen. Bill Nelson, including stops in St. Petersburg, Fort Lauderdale and Miami Beach, State Democratic Party Chairwoman Karen Thurman said.

Nelson's Republican opponent is U.S. Rep. Katherine Harris, the former state chief elections officer who certified the disputed 2000 presidential election results.

Harris, her Senate bid floundering amid revelations that a defense contractor who bribed a California congressman also gave her thousands in illegal campaign contributions, canceled an appearance Saturday at a Republican leadership conference in Tennessee.

Harris skipped the event to prepare "a major announcement next week" regarding her Senate campaign, she said. That further fueled speculation that she may drop out of the race.

More News Outlets, Fewer Stories: New Media 'Paradox'

More News Outlets, Fewer Stories: New Media 'Paradox'

There is more difinative censorship now...

A "new paradox of journalism" has emerged in which the number of news outlets continues to grow, yet the number of stories covered and the depth of many reports is decreasing, according to an annual review of the news business being released today by a watchdog group.


...a funk has settled over many newspaper journalists who believe the public-service focus of the industry is endangered.
At many old-media companies, the decades-long battle at the top between idealists and accountants is now over... the idealists have lost.


Many television, radio and newspaper newsrooms are cutting their staffs as advertising revenue stagnates, but blogs and other online ventures lack the size or inclination to generate information, reports the Project for Excellence in Journalism, a research institute affiliated with the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism.

The study depicts the media in an interregnum — with the reach of print, radio and television reduced, but the promise of an egalitarian online "citizen journalism" unfulfilled.

"It's probably glib and even naive to say simply that more platforms equal more choices," project Director Tom Rosenstiel said. "The content has to come from somewhere, and as older news-gathering media decline, some of the strengths they offer in monitoring the powerful and verifying the facts may be weakening as well."

As a result, consumers need to get information from a variety of sources to understand the world around them, the study concludes. It also finds that public opinions about the traditional media, though still low, have improved in a few respects.

The swiftly shifting platforms for information — with network news available by podcast and U.S. soldiers maintaining blogs from Iraq — have created an odd interplay between new and old media, the study found.

Companies like Google and Yahoo have managed to thrive and generate enormous advertising revenue, in part by aggregating and distributing information produced by traditional media outlets.

"The more they succeed," the project said, "the faster they erode the product they are selling, unless the economic model is radically changed."

The study predicts that old-media outlets may begin this year to demand compensation from aggregators such as Google News. Alternatively, new-media companies could build their own news operations, but those efforts have been slow in the making.

The most threatened of the traditional media continue to be newspapers, particularly big-city dailies. Weekday circulation dropped 2.6% and Sunday circulation dropped 3.1% as of September from the year before; print advertising declined; and a 1% to 2% increase in ad revenue came almost entirely because of growth online of about 30%.

The country lost 306 daily papers, 17% of the total, between 1960 and last year.

At the remaining papers, cumulative cuts of reporters and editors over the last five years amounted to about 6.5%. The reductions are disturbing but constitute something less than a "death spiral" for the newspaper business, which still posts profit margins of 20%, the report says.

Still, a funk has settled over many newspaper journalists who believe the public-service focus of the industry is endangered. At many old-media companies, "the decades-long battle at the top between idealists and accountants is now over," the report concludes. "The idealists have lost."

The second-largest newspaper chain by circulation, Knight Ridder Inc. — owner of 32 dailies including the Philadelphia Inquirer, San Jose Mercury News and Miami Herald — is expected to undergo another round of newsroom reductions regardless of the outcome of current attempts to sell.

Newspapers have not been alone in suffering cuts in news-gathering resources.

The study's review of content across the media found that radio stations put few reporters in the field and Internet bloggers tended to offer opinions rather than new information. The study found original reporting in just 5% of blog postings it reviewed.

The study cited Philadelphia to illustrate the shrinking firepower being trained on the news. Only about half as many reporters cover that metro area today than in 1980, with the number of newspaper reporters dropping from 500 to 220. Five AM radio stations carrying news have been reduced to two. And local television, with the exception of the Fox affiliate, has cut traditional news coverage.

"In the future, we may well rely more on citizens to be sentinels for one another," the report says. "No doubt that will expand the public forum and enrich the range of voices."

Examples of such sources include radio interviews of Iraqi citizens produced by Swarthmore College students and a similar initiative to deliver municipal radio news in Minnesota.

"The worry is not the wondrous addition of citizen media," the report says, "but the decline of full-time professional monitoring of powerful institutions."

The study found a mixed bag in assessing public attitudes toward the media. Forty-three percent of Americans see the press as moral, up from 39% in 2002 but down from the mid-1980s. And 59% rate the press as "highly professional," compared with 49% in 2002.

But according to the Pew Research Center for the People and the Press, whose research is cited in the study, 75% of Americans believe news organizations care most about "attracting the biggest audience" compared with 19% who think the organizations' priority is "informing the public." And 72% saw the press as favoring one side, up from 66% two years earlier.

"Journalists need to redefine their role and identify which of their core values they want to fight to preserve — something they have only begun to consider," the report says.

The War Dividend: The British Companies Making a Fortune Out of Conflict-Riven Iraq

The War Dividend: The British Companies Making a Fortune Out of Conflict-Riven Iraq

So is DICK and Curious George

British businesses have profited by at least £1.1bn since coalition forces toppled Saddam Hussein three years ago, the first comprehensive investigation into UK corporate investment in Iraq has found.

The company roll-call of post-war profiteers includes some of the best known names in Britain's boardrooms as well many who would prefer to remain anonymous. They come from private security services, banks, PR consultancies, urban planning consortiums, oil companies, architects offices and energy advisory bodies.

Among the top earners is the construction firm Amec, which has made an estimated £500m from a series of contracts restoring electrical systems and maintaining power generation facilities during the past two years. Aegis, which provides private security has earned more than £246m from a three-year contract with the Pentagon to co-ordinate military and security companies in Iraq. Erinys, which specialises in the same area, has made more than £86m, a substantial portion from the protection of oilfields.

The evidence of massive investments and the promise of more multimillion-pound profits to come was discovered in a joint investigation by Corporate Watch, an independent watchdog, and The Independent.

The findings show how much is stake if Britain were to withdraw military protection from Iraq. British company involvement at the top of Iraq's new political and economic structures means Iraq will be forced to rely on British business for many years to come.

A total of 61 British companies are identified as benefiting from at least £1.1bn of contracts and investment in the new Iraq. But that figure is just the tip of the iceberg; Corporate Watch believes it could be as much as five times higher, because many companies prefer to keep their relationship secret.

The waters are further muddied by the Government's refusal to release the names of companies it has helped to win contracts in Iraq.

Many of the companies enjoy long-standing relationships with Labour and now have a financial stake in the reconstruction of Iraq in Britain's image. Of the total profits published in the report, the British taxpayer has had to meet a bill for £78m while the US taxpayer's contribution to UK corporate earnings in Iraq is nearly nine times that. Iraqis themselves have paid British company directors £150m.

The report acknowledges that British business still lags behind the huge profits paid to American companies. But, in two fields, Britain is playing a critical and leading role.

The threat from the Iraqi insurgency means British private security companies are in great demand. Corporate Watch estimates there are between 20,000 and 30,000 security personnel working in Iraq, half of whom are employed by companies run by retired senior British officers and at least two former defence ministers.

The biggest British player, Aegis - run by Tim Spicer, the former British army lieutenant colonel who founded the security company Sandline - has a workforce the size of a military division and may rank as the largest corporate military group ever assembled, according to the report. Other private security companies have sprung up overnight to protect British and American civilians.

Britain is also playing a leading role in advising on the creation of state institutions and the business of government. PA Consulting, which has also received a contract for advising on the Government's ID cards scheme, worth around £19m, is now a key adviser in Iraq.

Adam Smith International, a body closely linked to the right-wing think-tank used by Margaret Thatcher, has been heavily involved in the foundation of the Iraqi government and continues to influence its newly formed ministries. According to the Tory MP Quentin Davies, who visited Iraq, the advisers are "reordering Iraqi government operations at the most basic level, to help restructure some of the Iraqi ministries, in fact physically restructure them, even suggesting how the minister's office should be laid out".

Another favourite of the Thatcher governments, now involved in Iraq, is Tim Bell, who ran the Tories' election campaigns in 1979, 1983 and 1987. His PR firm Bell-Pottinger has been involved in advising on the 2004 elections and a strategic campaign to promote bigger concepts such as the return of sovereignty, reconstruction, support for the army and police, minority rights and public probity.

Loukas Christodoulou, of Corporate Watch, has been monitoring British business relations with Iraq since the invasion. He says in his conclusion to our joint report: "The presence of these consultants in Iraq is arguably a part of the UK government's policy to push British firms as lead providers of privatisation support. The Department for International Development has positioned itself as a champion of privatisation in developing countries. The central part UK firms are playing in reshaping Iraq's economy and society lays the ground for a shift towards a corporate-dominated economy. This will have repercussions lasting decades."

In five years, the £1.1bn of contracts identified in the report will be dwarfed by what Britain and the US hope to reap from investments. Highly lucrative oil contracts have yet to be handed out.

Human Rights School Has Unusual Mission

Human Rights School Has Unusual Mission

NEW YORK - When 10th-graders at the School for Human Rights debated in a recent class whether Crips co-founder Stanley Tookie Williams should be executed, they knew the question was moot.


Our kids have a strong sense of justice and violence...What we don't want to do is make them more angry. What we want to do is empower them.

Jessamyn Waldman, Human Rights Education Associates
Williams, a convicted killer who later became an outspoken critic of gang violence, died by injection in December. But for the students at this unusual school in Brooklyn, many of whom grew up in gang-plagued neighborhoods, there was nothing irrelevant about the subject.

The School for Human Rights is one of nearly 150 "small" public schools that opened in New York City in the last three years under a national movement to raise student achievement by shrinking school sizes. Such schools often have specific themes. Although it's normal for schools to discuss human rights, one built around the concept is rare.

"We're not teaching the kids what to think, but to think," Principal Kevin Dotson said, adding that some topics require "scaffolding" first. "We don't just hit sixth graders with 'Let's talk about torture today!"'

The school strives to produce "socially engaged young adults committed to equity, dignity and social consciousness," according to its mission statement.

Human rights groups are closely watching it as they seek ways to influence educational curricula nationwide. Amnesty International USA and Human Rights Education Associates have helped plan the school.

Students tackle topics from colonialism to the United Nations. They may track census data on poverty in their neighborhoods as part of math class or read novels on genocide for literature credit.

"Our kids have a strong sense of justice and violence," said Jessamyn Waldman, who represents HREA, the school's lead partner, which helps organize its curriculum and activities. "What we don't want to do is make them more angry. What we want to do is empower them."

School officials try to stay objective when discussing controversial subjects such as the death penalty.

School is 'a big family'

The school, in its second year, consists of grades six, seven, nine and 10 and will add more levels as students advance until in contains grades six through 12. It has about 300 students, most of whom are of Caribbean descent. Admission is open to students across the city, but most come from nearby neighborhoods.

"It's kind of like a big family," said 15-year-old Quaseem Rabb.

Classrooms include students with varying academic abilities, which is one way to embrace a human rights ideal, Dotson said.

Administrators look for ways to apply the human rights framework beyond classes. Signs in hallways ask students to talk to school officials about conflicts, and students who commit infractions appear before a "fairness committee" and undergo mediation with others involved.

Karen Robinson, director of the human rights education program for Amnesty International USA, said as word of the school has spread, other educators have contacted her to see how they can promote similar programs elsewhere. She's working with teachers in Florida who want to establish human rights academies within their existing schools.

After classes ended on a recent day, a handful of students at The School for Human Rights stayed for an extra, elective class. The subject was law, and Waldman, who led the discussion, tossed around phrases such as "preponderance of evidence" and "strict liability" while students took careful notes.

The topic turned to another life imprisonment vs. death penalty case involving a high-profile defendant.

The students discussed whether Zacarias Moussaoui, who has pleaded guilty to conspiring to fly planes into U.S. buildings but denies any involvement in the September 11 attacks, could receive a fair hearing in a country still reeling from the attacks.

They were certain he could not.

Former Top Judge Says US Risks Edging Near to Dictatorship

Former Top Judge Says US Risks Edging Near to Dictatorship

Were already there and you helped...but it won't last ;)

Sandra Day O'Connor warns of rightwing attacks
· Lawyers 'must speak up' to protect judiciary
by Julian Borger

Sandra Day O'Connor, a Republican-appointed judge who retired last month after 24 years on the supreme court, has said the US is in danger of edging towards dictatorship if the party's rightwingers continue to attack the judiciary.

In a strongly worded speech at Georgetown University, reported by National Public Radio and the Chicago Daily Law Bulletin, Ms O'Connor took aim at Republican leaders whose repeated denunciations of the courts for alleged liberal bias could, she said, be contributing to a climate of violence against judges.


We must be ever-vigilant against those who would strong-arm the judiciary.

Sandra Day O'Connor
Ms O'Connor, nominated by Ronald Reagan as the first woman supreme court justice, declared: "We must be ever-vigilant against those who would strong-arm the judiciary."

She pointed to autocracies in the developing world and former Communist countries as lessons on where interference with the judiciary might lead. "It takes a lot of degeneration before a country falls into dictatorship, but we should avoid these ends by avoiding these beginnings."

In her address to an audience of corporate lawyers on Thursday, Ms O'Connor singled out a warning to the judiciary issued last year by Tom DeLay, the former Republican leader in the House of Representatives, over a court ruling in a controversial "right to die" case.

After the decision last March that ordered a brain-dead woman in Florida, Terri Schiavo, removed from life support, Mr DeLay said: "The time will come for the men responsible for this to answer for their behaviour."

Mr DeLay later called for the impeachment of judges involved in the Schiavo case, and called for more scrutiny of "an arrogant, out-of-control, unaccountable judiciary that thumbed their nose at Congress and the president".

Such threats, Ms O'Connor said, "pose a direct threat to our constitutional freedom", and she told the lawyers in her audience: "I want you to tune your ears to these attacks ... You have an obligation to speak up.

"Statutes and constitutions do not protect judicial independence - people do," the retired supreme court justice said.

She noted death threats against judges were on the rise and added that the situation was not helped by a senior senator's suggestion that there might be a connection between the violence against judges and the decisions they make.

The senator she was referring to was John Cornyn, a Bush loyalist from Texas, who made his remarks last April, soon after a judge was shot dead in an Atlanta courtroom and the family of a federal judge was murdered in Illinois.

Senator Cornyn said: "I don't know if there is a cause and effect connection, but we have seen some recent episodes of courthouse violence in this country ... And I wonder whether there may be some connection between the perception in some quarters, on some occasions, where judges are making political decisions yet are unaccountable to the public, that it builds up and builds up to the point where some people engage in violence."

Although appointed by a Republican, Ms O'Connor voted with the supreme court's liberals on some divisive issues, including abortion, making her a frequent target for criticism from the right. After announcing that she intended to retire last year at the age of 75, she was replaced in February this year by Samuel Alito, who is generally regarded as being more consistently conservative.

In her speech, Ms O'Connor said that if the courts did not occasionally make politicians mad they would not be doing their jobs, and their effectiveness "is premised on the notion that we won't be subject to retaliation for our judicial acts".

14.3.06

U.S. Military Plans to Make Insect Cyborgs

U.S. Military Plans to Make Insect Cyborgs

WASHINGTON - Facing problems in its efforts to train insects or build robots that can mimic their flying abilities, the U.S. military now wants to develop "insect cyborgs" that can go where its soldiers cannot.


The goal is to create technology that can achieve 'the delivery of an insect within five meters of a specific target located at hundred meters away, using electronic remote control, and/or global positioning system.'
Once at the target, 'the insect must remain stationary either indefinitely or until otherwise instructed ... (and) must also be able to transmit data from (Department of Defense) relevant sensors ... includ(ing) gas sensors, microphones, video, etc..'

The Pentagon is seeking applications from researchers to help them develop technology that can be implanted into living insects to control their movement and transmit video or other sensory data back to their handlers.

In an announcement posted on government Web sites last week, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, or DARPA, says it is seeking "innovative proposals to develop technology to create insect cyborgs," by implanting tiny devices into insect bodies while the animals are in their pupal stage.

As an insect metamorphoses from a larva to an adult, the solicitation notice says, its "body goes through a renewal process that can heal wounds and reposition internal organs around foreign objects, including tiny (mechanical) structures that might be present."

The goal is to create technology that can achieve "the delivery of an insect within five meters of a specific target located at hundred meters away, using electronic remote control, and/or global positioning system." Once at the target, "the insect must remain stationary either indefinitely or until otherwise instructed ... (and) must also be able to transmit data from (Department of Defense) relevant sensors ... includ(ing) gas sensors, microphones, video, etc."

The move follows challenges the agency says it has encountered in its efforts to train insects to detect explosives or other chemical compounds, and to mimic their flight and movement patterns using small robots.

Several years ago, DARPA launched a $3 million project to train honeybees to find landmines. According to a report by the American Forces Press Service, scientists used sugar-soaked sponges treated with explosives to get the bees to identify the smell as a possible food source.

But last week's solicitation says the project didn't work out.

"These activities have highlighted key challenges involving behavioral and chemical control of insects... Instinctive behaviors for feeding and mating -- and also for responding to temperature changes -- prevented them from performing reliably," it says.

As far as the development of purely robotic or mechanical unmanned aerial vehicles -- so-called micro-UAVs -- the solicitation says that developing energy sources both powerful and light enough "present(s) a key technical challenge."

Both sets of challenges "might be effectively overcome" by the development of insect cyborgs, says the solicitation.

The devices DARPA wants to implant are micro-electro-mechanical systems, or MEMS. MEMS technology uses tiny silicon wafers like those used as the basis for computer microchips. But instead of merely laying circuits on them, MEMS technology can actually cut and shape the silicon, turning the chip into a microscopic mechanical device.

The solicitation envisages the implanted device as a "platform" onto which "various microsystem payloads can be mounted ... with the goal of controlling insect locomotion, sens(ing) local environment, and scaveng(ing) power."

"Possible methods of locomotion control may be sensory manipulation, direct muscle interface, or neural interface to the insect," says the document, known as a Broad Agency Announcement. It goes on to say that sensory manipulation, for instance by projecting ultrasonic vibrations or ejecting pheromones, is likely to be species-specific, whereas technology to directly control insect muscles or brains "may be more general."

DARPA believes that the heat and mechanical power generated by the insects themselves as they move around "may be harnessed to power the microsystem payload" eliminating the need for batteries or other power systems.

The objective is to transform the insects into "predictable devices that can be used for various micro-UAV missions requiring unobtrusive entry into areas inaccessible or hostile to humans."

Among potential missions, says the solicitation, would be the collection of "explosive signatures from within buildings, caves, or other inaccessible locations."

Although flying insects like dragonflies and moths are "of great interest," the document says, "Hopping and swimming insects could also meet final demonstration goals."

Implanting the devices during pupation is key, says the document, because "the insects are immobile and can be manipulated without interference from instinctive motion."

As part of their honeybee training project, DARPA glued tiny radio transmitters to the bees, to help track their movement.

The solicitation says that the healing processes which insects go through as they change from larvae into adults "are expected to yield more reliable bio-electromechanical interface... as compared to adhesively bonded systems to adult insects."

Inserting the devices in pupae could also "enable assembly-line like fabrication of hybrid insect-MEMS interfaces, providing a considerable cost advantage," says the solicitation.

DARPA will hold a day-long conference for contractors interested in submitting proposals on March 24.

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